TY - JOUR
T1 - Higher-order finite type invariants of classical and virtual knots and unknotting operations
AU - Ito, Noboru
AU - Sakurai, Migiwa
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/9/1
Y1 - 2019/9/1
N2 - Vassiliev introduced filtered invariants of knots using an unknotting operation, called crossing changes. Goussarov, Polyak, and Viro introduced other filtered invariants of virtual knots, which order is called GPV-order, using an unknotting operation, called virtualization. We defined other filtered invariants, which order is called F-order, of virtual knots using an unknotting operation, called forbidden moves. In this paper, we show that the set of virtual knot invariants of F-order ≤n+1 is strictly stronger than that of F-order ≤n and that of GPV-order ≤2n+1. To obtain the result, we show that the set of virtual knot invariants of F-order ≤n contains every Goussarov-Polyak-Viro invariant of GPV-order ≤2n+1, which implies that the set of virtual knot invariants of F-order is a complete invariant of classical and virtual knots.
AB - Vassiliev introduced filtered invariants of knots using an unknotting operation, called crossing changes. Goussarov, Polyak, and Viro introduced other filtered invariants of virtual knots, which order is called GPV-order, using an unknotting operation, called virtualization. We defined other filtered invariants, which order is called F-order, of virtual knots using an unknotting operation, called forbidden moves. In this paper, we show that the set of virtual knot invariants of F-order ≤n+1 is strictly stronger than that of F-order ≤n and that of GPV-order ≤2n+1. To obtain the result, we show that the set of virtual knot invariants of F-order ≤n contains every Goussarov-Polyak-Viro invariant of GPV-order ≤2n+1, which implies that the set of virtual knot invariants of F-order is a complete invariant of classical and virtual knots.
KW - Finite type invariants
KW - Forbidden moves
KW - Knots
KW - Unknotting operations
KW - Virtual knots
KW - Virtualizations
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U2 - 10.1016/j.topol.2019.06.019
DO - 10.1016/j.topol.2019.06.019
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85067856946
SN - 0166-8641
VL - 264
SP - 210
EP - 222
JO - Topology and its Applications
JF - Topology and its Applications
ER -