Infinitesimal incommensurate stripe phase in an axial next-nearest-neighbor Ising model in two dimensions

An axial next-nearest-neighbor Ising model is studied by using the nonequilibrium relaxation method. We find that the incommensurate stripe phase between the ordered phase and the paramagnetic phase is negligibly narrow or may vanish in the thermodynamic limit. The phase transition is the second-order transition if approached from the ordered phase, and it is of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type if approached from the paramagnetic phase. Both transition temperatures coincide with each other within the numerical errors. The incommensurate phase which has been observed previously is a paramagnetic phase with a very long correlation length (typically ξ≥500). We could resolve this phase by treating very large systems (∼O6400×6400), which is first made possible by employing the present method.