Integration of decellularized ligament and artificial material through recellularization for periodontal reconstruction

Dental implant treatment is a major treatment for lack of teeth. Dental implant directly binds to bone of jaw. Our teeth are normally supported by periodontal membranes which exist between teeth and mandible bone and consist of collagen fibers. The lack of the periodontal membrane is one of problems of dental implant treatment because periodontal membrane acts as many functions, such as supporting teeth, feeling, and preventing form the infection. In order to overcome this problem, we have tried preparing the unit of mandible bone, periodontal membrane and artificial tooth. In previous research, the mandible bone and periodontal membrane were prepared by decellularization method. And artificial tooth was prepared by 3-D printer and their surface was modified by calcification method. These were implanted together in rat renal capsule, and then the rat host cells infiltrated the periodontal membrane and construct the extracellular matrix between decellularized mandible bone and artificial tooth. It was suggested the collagen fibers of decellularized periodontal membrane was combined with the surface of artificial tooth. In this study, we targeted to reveal the combining of decellularized ligament and artificial material, because it is most important for periodontal reconstruction. We here developed the simple model which consists of ligament extracellular matrix sheet and artificial material plate. And we investigated the combining of collagen fibers and material surface by implanting them in vivo.