CLOSED-CHEST CARIAC MASSAGE MACHINE CONTROLLED BY TWO-STAGE POWER FLUIDIC ELEMENT.

RECENT REMARKABLE CARDIAC SURGERY HAS BEEN ABLE TO CURE MANY FATAL PATIENTS.HOWEVER, ONE SHOULD NOT IGNORE THE GREAT NUMBER OF DEATHS CAUSED BY CARDIAC ARREST OR VENTICULAR FIBRILLATION UNDER EMERGENCY CONDITIONS.LONE OF THE VERY SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE METHODS OF CARDIAC RESUSCITATION IS EXTERNAL CARDIAC MASSAGE.THE SUCCESS OF THIS METHOD, HOWEVER, REQUIRES TECHNIQUE, EXPERIENCE AND PATIENCE, AND STILL MORE IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO APPLY FOR A LONG TIME RHYTHMICALLY AND EFFICIENTLY.THE AUTHORS PAY ATTENTION TO THESE POINTS AND HAVE BEEN DEVELOPING AN EXTERNAL (CLOSED-CHEST) CARDIAC MASSAGE MACHINE, CONTROLLED BY FLUIDIC ELEMENTS, WHICH HAS MANY EXCELLENT CHARACTERISTICS.WHEN THE AUTHORS DEVELOPED A POWER FLUIDIC ELEMENT FOR THE CARDIAC MASSAGE MACHINE, THE BEHAVIOUR OF A SINGLE STAGE DIGITAL FLUIDIC ELEMENT WAS EFFECTED REMARKABLY BY LOAD AND IT WAS DIFFICULT TO OPERATE THE MACHINE STABLY.TO SETTLE THESE DIFFICULTIES, THE AUTHORS DEVISED TWO DIGITAL FLUIDIC ELEMENTS CONNECTED IN SERIES, ONE OF WHICH HAS THE LOGIC FUNCTIONS AND THE OTHER HAS THE POWER OPERATION.THEIR CASCADED, STABLE OUTPUT IS APPLICABLE TO THE CARDIAC MASSAGE MACHINE.TESTS SHOW THAT THE TWO STAGE POWER FLUIDIC ELEMENT YIELDS TOTAL PRESSURE RECOVERIES UP TO 60 PER CENT.OUTPUT RAM FORCE OF THE CARDIAC MASSAGE MACHINE OBTAINED WAS 40-60KG FOR A 1.0KG/CMINPUT AIR PRESSURE.THE FREQUENCY OF COM PRESSION TENDS TO INCREASE AS THE RAM EXERTION DECREASES.MAXIMUM CYLING RATES ARE VARIABLE FROM 40 CPM (60 MM EXERTION) TO 120 CPM (20MM EXERTION).HOWEVER, THE INPUT AIR FLOW TO THE TWO-STAGE ELEMENT IS HIGHER THAN THAT FOR A SINGLE FLUIDIC ELEMENT.THIS HIGH FLOW CAN BE DECREASED BY DECREASING THE NOZZLE AREAS OF THE TWO STAGES.THIS REPORT PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF SOME MEASUREMENTS ON BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TWO-STAGE FLUIDIC ELEMENT AND DISCUSSED BRIEFLY THE DYNAMICS OF THE EXTERNAL CARDIAC MASSAGE MACHINE SYSTEM CONTROLLED BY THE FLUIDIC ELEMENT.(FROM JNL.).