Effect of cation nonstoichiometry on Gd123 thin films

Engineering & Materials Science

• Raman scattering 100%
• Positive ions 85%
• Thin films 65%
• Phonons 54%
• Pulsed laser deposition 53%
• Spectrometers 40%
• Impurities 33%
• Chemical analysis 22%

Physics & Astronomy

• cations 58%
• Raman spectra 53%
• thin films 35%
• pulsed laser deposition 32%
• retarding 26%
• spectrometers 26%
• phonons 23%
• impurities 22%

Chemical Compounds

• Raman Spectrum 56%
• Pulsed Laser Deposition 45%
• Cation 40%
• Phonon 38%
• Deposition Technique 37%
• Liquid Film 16%