TY - JOUR
T1 - Pd nanoparticles‐loaded vinyl polymer gels
T2 - Preparation, structure and catalysis
AU - Elbayoumy, Elsayed
AU - Wang, Yuting
AU - Jamil, Md A.R.
AU - Trombini, Claudio
AU - Bando, Masayoshi
AU - Song, Zhiyi
AU - Diab, Mostafa A.
AU - Mohamed, Farid Sh
AU - Naga, Naofumi
AU - Nakano, Tamaki
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP 19H02759, in part by the Japan Science and Technology Agency Grand Number JPMJTMl9E4, and in part by the MEXT program of the Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS). The Ministry of Higher Education of Egypt is gratefully acknowledged for funding this work through Egypt‐Japan Education Partnership (EJEP) program. The Erasmus Mundus Master Courses in Chemical Innovation and Regulation (EMMC‐ChIR) program supported M.A.R.J.’s studies as a visiting student at ICAT, Hokkaido University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - Four vinyl polymer gels (VPGs) were synthesized by free radical polymerization of divinylbenzene, ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate, and copolymerization of divinylbenzene with styrene, and ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate with methyl methacrylate, as supports for palladium nanoparticles. VPGs obtained from divinylbenzene and from divinylbenzene with styrene had spherical shapes while those obtained from ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate and from ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate with methyl methacrylate did not have any specific shapes. Pd(OAc)2 was impregnated onto VPGs and reduced to form Pd0 nanoparticles within VPGs. The structures of Pd0‐loaded VPGs were analyzed by XRD, TEM, and nitrogen gas adsorption. Pd0‐loaded VPGs had nanocrystals of Pd0 within and on the surface of the polymeric supports. Pd0/VPGs efficiently catalyzed the oxidation/disproportionation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde/toluene, where activity and selectivity between benzaldehyde and toluene varied, depending on the structure of VPG and the weight percentage loading of Pd0. The catalysts were stable and Pd leaching to liquid phase did not occur. The catalysts were separated and reused for five times without any significant decrease in the catalytic activity.
AB - Four vinyl polymer gels (VPGs) were synthesized by free radical polymerization of divinylbenzene, ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate, and copolymerization of divinylbenzene with styrene, and ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate with methyl methacrylate, as supports for palladium nanoparticles. VPGs obtained from divinylbenzene and from divinylbenzene with styrene had spherical shapes while those obtained from ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate and from ethane‐1,2‐diyl dimethacrylate with methyl methacrylate did not have any specific shapes. Pd(OAc)2 was impregnated onto VPGs and reduced to form Pd0 nanoparticles within VPGs. The structures of Pd0‐loaded VPGs were analyzed by XRD, TEM, and nitrogen gas adsorption. Pd0‐loaded VPGs had nanocrystals of Pd0 within and on the surface of the polymeric supports. Pd0/VPGs efficiently catalyzed the oxidation/disproportionation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde/toluene, where activity and selectivity between benzaldehyde and toluene varied, depending on the structure of VPG and the weight percentage loading of Pd0. The catalysts were stable and Pd leaching to liquid phase did not occur. The catalysts were separated and reused for five times without any significant decrease in the catalytic activity.
KW - Heterogenous catalysis
KW - Palladium nanoparticle
KW - Vinyl polymer gels
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U2 - 10.3390/catal11010137
DO - 10.3390/catal11010137
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100222583
SN - 2073-4344
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 17
JO - Catalysts
JF - Catalysts
IS - 1
M1 - 137
ER -