柔性多孔硅橡胶负载纳米CuS的太阳能蒸发性能研究

Interfacial solar evaporation is an efficient and cost-effective technology for water purification. Advanced photothermal conversion materials and micro thermal management are the key factors for efficient solar driven evaporation. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is an environmentally friendly, free design and flexible rubber, whose thermal conductivity can be improved by combination of different fillers. The nano copper sulfide (CuS) is a novel photothermal conversion material with nearly 100% absorption at near infrared. Here, a double porous layer of SiO₂-PDMS/ PDMS-Al is synthesized by the template method with the cube sugar as template, nano silicone (SiO₂) and aluminum powder works as the thermal insulating and conductive fillers, respectively. Then the nano CuS is attached on the skeletons of the PDMS-Al layer via the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form the photothermal conversion material. The unique structure of the PDMS composites not only improves the hydrophilicity, but also has excellent absorption as 97.3%. The evaporation efficiency of the PDMS composites under 1 sun (1 kW/m²) is 77.03% with outstan-ding cycling stability. The PDMS photothermal composites reduce the heat loss during the interfacial evaporation process based on the microstructure, which provides a new strategy in seawater desalination and sewage treatment.